Influence of temperature on the toxicity and stability of insecticide resistance against Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract Background Spodoptera littoralis Boisad. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest causing significant losses to agricultural crops worldwide. Management practices for this insect rely on insecticides applications throughout the entire season over wide ranging temperature. However, studies involving development of resistance in S. against these at different temperatures are limited. Methods Using leaf-dipping bioassay technique, effect temperature (range, 15–30 °C) toxicity spinosad, lambda-cyhalothrin and methomyl, was evaluated larvae . Results Spinosad, methomyl exhibited increased with increasing from 15 30 °C. The results indicated a successive decrease insecticide 15, 20, 25 °C 1st 12th generations methomyl. Conclusions This study suggests that lambda-cyhalothrin, can be included management